PG 光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器(qi)技術(shu)的(de)基本構件是光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)是由高度透明玻(bo)璃制成的(de)長(chang)圓柱件。標(biao)準光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)芯(xin)徑從幾(ji)(ji)(ji)微米(mi)到幾(ji)(ji)(ji)百(bai)微米(mi),長(chang)度從幾(ji)(ji)(ji)米(mi)到幾(ji)(ji)(ji)千米(mi)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)長(chang)度與(yu)直徑的(de)巨大比值造就了眾多獨特的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)特性。玻(bo)璃纖(xian)(xian)維是光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)波(bo)導(dao)管,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)線(xian)(xian)能(neng)夠在(zai)(zai)其(qi)中幾(ji)(ji)(ji)乎無損(sun)失地包含和傳播光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)線(xian)(xian),損(sun)失可忽略(lve)不計。當(dang)滿足總(zong)體內(nei)部全內(nei)反射條件時,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)在(zai)(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)內(nei)部傳播,經過(guo)穿(chuan)透光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)壁的(de)輻射損(sun)失可忽略(lve)不計。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)分為無源(yuan)和有(you)源(yuan)兩種。無源(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)傳輸光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)線(xian)(xian),而(er)有(you)源(yuan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)通過(guo)在(zai)(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)芯(xin)內(nei)嵌(qian)入摻雜稀土金(jin)屬(shu)離子的(de)情(qing)況下將(jiang)傳播的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)與(yu)泵浦(pu)激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)混合實現放大。
泵浦二極管 IPG 一流(liu)的(de)(de)二(er)(er)極管泵浦技(ji)(ji)術(shu)利用(yong)(yong)了(le)自身極為(wei)豐富的(de)(de)電(dian)信行業(ye)經驗(yan)和(he)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)投資(zi)。我們的(de)(de)單(dan)芯結(jie)二(er)(er)極管使(shi)用(yong)(yong)在電(dian)信領(ling)域已(yi)經證明的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和(he)工藝制造,各晶圓符(fu)合(he)嚴格的(de)(de)電(dian)信行業(ye)標準,這將 IPG 的(de)(de)產品與使(shi)用(yong)(yong)短壽命二(er)(er)極管巴條(tiao)(tiao)和(he)堆(dui)棧技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)其(qi)他工業(ye)泵產品區分開(kai)來。因此,IPG 單(dan)芯結(jie)二(er)(er)極管能提供(gong)更高的(de)(de)泵浦亮度,并且電(dian)光轉(zhuan)換效率(lv)高達(da)巴條(tiao)(tiao)堆(dui)棧泵浦的(de)(de)兩(liang)倍(bei)。單(dan)芯結(jie)泵浦能夠利用(yong)(yong)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)水甚(shen)至強制風冷(leng)(leng),相反(fan),巴條(tiao)(tiao)堆(dui)棧需要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)高成本、低可靠性和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)高雅去離子水的(de)(de)高度復雜(za)的(de)(de)微通道冷(leng)(leng)卻器。 01 光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)特(te)性(xing)使其(qi)成(cheng)為(wei)理(li)想(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)源增益(yi)介質和(he)激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)諧振腔材(cai)料。光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)靈活且易于(yu)(yu)處理(li)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)積體(ti)積比很(hen)大,便于(yu)(yu)散熱,并且有(you)助于(yu)(yu)避(bi)免(mian)熱透鏡效(xiao)應。不同類型、成(cheng)分和(he)芯(xin)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)可以拼接(jie),組(zu)成(cheng)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)學系統,將泵(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)源、光(guang)(guang)(guang)學放大和(he)光(guang)(guang)(guang)束(shu)傳(chuan)輸光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)結(jie)合,無需再利用(yong)(yong)自(zi)由空間光(guang)(guang)(guang)學技(ji)術,并由此避(bi)免(mian)了該技(ji)術存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染、損(sun)壞(huai)和(he)/或對準問題(ti)等固有(you)風險。光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)是非常(chang)靈活的(de)(de)(de)(de)介質,可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)各種設計選項和(he)功能。特(te)種光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)類型包(bao)括單模和(he)多(duo)模光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)、光(guang)(guang)(guang)子晶體(ti)光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)由光(guang)(guang)(guang)學特(te)性(xing)在軸向和(he)徑向尺(chi)寸(cun)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)種材(cai)料組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)。對 IPG 而(er)言,尤(you)其(qi)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)包(bao)層泵(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)。這些光(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)包(bao)含單模纖(xian)(xian)(xian)芯(xin),用(yong)(yong)作有(you)源增益(yi)介質,被(bei)較大直徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)波導(dao)管(guan)包(bao)覆,用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)播多(duo)模二極管(guan)泵(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)。 02 半導體二極(ji)管(guan)高效地將電泵(beng)浦能(neng)(neng)量轉換為近紅外(wai)光。單芯結二極(ji)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)有(you)限(xian)(每個(ge)(ge)設備數(shu)瓦(wa)),亮(liang)度也有(you)限(xian)。利用多種技術(shu)將多個(ge)(ge)二極(ji)管(guan)組合(he)形成(cheng)(cheng)單一光束,由此(ci)提(ti)(ti)高功率(lv),使(shi)組合(he)輸(shu)出(chu)功率(lv)從幾十到幾千(qian)瓦(wa),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)二極(ji)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)亮(liang)度卻難以實現相似的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)。現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)將二極(ji)管(guan)調(diao)整到更高亮(liang)度的(de)(de)(de)光束組合(he)技術(shu)很復(fu)雜、昂貴并且損耗大,產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)光束質量也很有(you)問題。IPG 光纖激光器(qi)是(shi)(shi)最高效的(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)組合(he)器(qi)和亮(liang)度轉換器(qi),能(neng)(neng)夠產(chan)生(sheng)完美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)光束,以最低(di)成(cheng)(cheng)本提(ti)(ti)供高達數(shu)千(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)。 包層泵浦技術 在(zai)(zai) IPG 獨特(te)的(de)專利(li)設計中(zhong),大面(mian)積(ji)單(dan)芯(xin)結二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)的(de)多模(mo)輸出(chu)被收(shou)集(ji)到纖(xian)(xian)芯(xin)直徑(jing)僅有 100 微米的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)內(nei)。利(li)用 Valentin Gapontsev 博(bo)士和 Igor Samartsev 博(bo)士開發的(de)側面(mian)泵(beng)(beng)浦技術,多個泵(beng)(beng)浦二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)發出(chu)的(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)被高效(xiao)地(di)耦合進入有源增益(yi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)的(de)包層(ceng)。泵(beng)(beng)浦光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)在(zai)(zai)包層(ceng)內(nei)進行多次反射(she),同時不斷穿過單(dan)模(mo)纖(xian)(xian)芯(xin),在(zai)(zai)纖(xian)(xian)芯(xin)中(zhong)泵(beng)(beng)浦被稀(xi)土離子吸收(shou)和再次發射(she)。這種(zhong)簡潔的(de)機制以極(ji)高的(de)效(xiao)率(lv)將多模(mo)二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)轉換(huan)為單(dan)模(mo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)(xian)激光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器(qi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)。 單發射泵優勢 IPG 的單(dan)芯(xin)結二(er)極(ji)管壽(shou)命(ming)超(chao)過 100,000 小時(shi),比(bi)巴條方案(an)的實(shi)測壽(shou)命(ming)長很多(duo)。與傳統方案(an)不(bu)同,頻(pin)繁開關調制 IPG 二(er)極(ji)管并不(bu)會影響預(yu)期壽(shou)命(ming)。IPG 泵浦(pu)遵循電信標準(zhun)密封,因此不(bu)受最具(ju)侵(qin)蝕性的工(gong)業環(huan)境影響,包括(kuo)潮濕、粉塵和振動。IPG 單(dan)芯(xin)結泵浦(pu)具(ju)有超(chao)高(gao)的可靠性,這在(zai)我們的實(shi)驗室中得(de)到(dao)證(zheng)明 ,在(zai)現場實(shi)踐中得(de)到(dao)證(zheng)實(shi)。 分布式單發射泵浦結構的優勢 分布式單發射泵浦 IPG 使用分(fen)布式單芯結(jie)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)結(jie)構,沒(mei)有巴(ba)條(tiao)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)缺點。單芯結(jie)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)組成(cheng)各個(ge)獨立元(yuan)件的(de)(de)集(ji)合。與巴(ba)條(tiao)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)相(xiang)反(fan),任何單芯結(jie)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)故障(zhang)不會影響其他泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)性(xing)能與可靠性(xing)。分(fen)布式泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)的(de)(de)優點包括可擴(kuo)展性(xing)、模塊化設計和靈活性(xing)、簡單的(de)(de)熱量(liang)管(guan)理、幾(ji)乎不受限的(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)冗余(yu)性(xing)以及方便(bian)的(de)(de)二極管(guan)更換。分(fen)布式泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)無(wu)需(xu)光(guang)學(xue)對準,因此是(shi)唯(wei)一真正(zheng)無(wu)需(xu)維護的(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)浦(pu)(pu)(pu)解(jie)決方案 - 只有光(guang)纖激光(guang)器(qi)才能實現這種便(bian)利。 巴條泵浦 激光(guang)二(er)極(ji)管巴(ba)條(tiao),也被稱(cheng)為(wei)整體激光(guang)二(er)極(ji)管陣列,將多(duo)個(ge)(ge)發(fa)射(she)器(qi)(qi)在大面積芯片上(shang)組合。一根二(er)極(ji)管巴(ba)條(tiao)上(shang)的(de)(de)發(fa)射(she)器(qi)(qi)數(shu)量(liang)從 10 個(ge)(ge)到 100 個(ge)(ge)不等。巴(ba)條(tiao)結構迫使(shi)所有(you)發(fa)射(she)器(qi)(qi)共(gong)享一個(ge)(ge)電(dian)源和熱(re)量(liang)管理系統。熱(re)電(dian)間的(de)(de)相互影響嚴(yan)重限制二(er)極(ji)管巴(ba)條(tiao)的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命,并對其性能產(chan)生嚴(yan)重約束。巴(ba)條(tiao)或(huo)(huo)堆(dui)棧的(de)(de)壽命通(tong)常受最弱的(de)(de)發(fa)射(she)器(qi)(qi)或(huo)(huo)不可靠的(de)(de)微通(tong)道水冷(leng)系統限制。基于巴(ba)條(tiao)的(de)(de)泵浦(pu)方案的(de)(de)不足正是驅動光(guang)纖激光(guang)器(qi)(qi)技術快速超越碟片或(huo)(huo)條(tiao)形(xing)固(gu)態激光(guang)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要因素。


