輸(shu)出軸是(shi)主要的(de)(de)動(dong)力輸(shu)出裝置，它是(shi)輸(shu)出動(dong)力的(de)(de)主要零件。它能夠(gou)傳遞(di)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)，使(shi)主軸獲得旋轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)動(dong)力，也正因為如此它要承受較大的(de)(de)扭矩(ju)和(he)沖擊載荷。因此，該零件需具有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)耐磨性和(he)抗(kang)扭的(de)(de)效果(guo)。
設(she)計零件輸出軸，選(xuan)用(yong)中碳鋼(gang)(gang)比較好。中碳鋼(gang)(gang)硬度強度不(bu)(bu)錯(cuo)，不(bu)(bu)易變形，符合(he)采購規則。它(ta)們的焊(han)接能力非常(chang)一般，45號(hao)鋼(gang)(gang)應(ying)付(fu)大部(bu)分的機械加工，調質或者正火(huo)下(xia)使用(yong)鍛造(zao)，有一些表面淬(cui)火(huo)處理也經(jing)常(chang)使用(yong)45號(hao)鋼(gang)(gang)作為原材料。它(ta)不(bu)(bu)僅收縮率小并且密度基(ji)和鐵基(ji)本相同。
表(biao)面清晰，不(bu)能出(chu)現飛邊。尤其(qi)著(zhu)重(zhong)要(yao)求表(biao)面粗糙程(cheng)度(du)，表(biao)面光(guang)滑。輸出(chu)軸小端的(de)各圓公差(cha)，光(guang)潔度(du)要(yao)和國際上(shang)的(de)標準大體一樣。為了達到這個目的(de)，軸的(de)外徑(jing)進行磨削是必須的(de)加工步驟。大直徑(jing)為十(shi)的(de)孔十(shi)分重(zhong)要(yao)，工件的(de)尺寸的(de)準確性(xing)離不(bu)開(kai)鉆模(mo)。
毛(mao)坯必須和加工(gong)(gong)零件(jian)的(de)種類相適應(ying)，使用(yong)精(jing)鍛(duan)機鍛(duan)造。用(yong)熱軋棒料(liao)經拔長得到方(fang)法。定位基準(zhun)是加工(gong)(gong)的(de)前提，可(ke)以很(hen)好的(de)保證加工(gong)(gong)的(de)精(jing)度，有時(shi)還(huan)可(ke)使用(yong)加工(gong)(gong)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)表(biao)面作為(wei)輔助基準(zhun)。
5.1 加工方法
工(gong)件(jian)的(de)加工(gong)流程中(zhong)，加工(gong)方法就像一個指揮系(xi)統，繪制著整個藍圖。加工(gong)方法要顧(gu)及(ji)多方面的(de)實際情況，例(li)如尺寸(cun)、毛(mao)坯的(de)性(xing)種類。
5.2 加工順序
加工順序是否合理直接(jie)影(ying)響著(zhu)加工的質量。同(tong)時加工順序還會影(ying)響利益回報。
（1）機(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工順序是(shi)根本(ben)法則，遵循先(xian)主后次、先(xian)面(mian)后孔、基準(zhun)先(xian)行(xing)等規(gui)定(ding)。對于精度和表(biao)面(mian)質量要求較高的一(yi)些(xie)零(ling)件，整個工藝(yi)過程需要被劃分成(cheng)不(bu)同(tong)的階(jie)段，這非(fei)常有益于保(bao)證(zheng)零(ling)件加(jia)工質量。同(tong)時使工作人(ren)員合理使用機(ji)(ji)床設備(bei)，減少機(ji)(ji)床設備(bei)的磨損，保(bao)證(zheng)大后期(qi)熱處(chu)理工序能夠正常進行(xing)。
（2）熱(re)處理工(gong)序是必不可少的(de)步(bu)驟，主要是為了消(xiao)除應(ying)力(li)和提升材料(liao)的(de)性能。根據零件材料(liao)和設備的(de)情(qing)況確(que)定(ding)熱(re)處理的(de)方(fang)法(fa)。熱(re)處理一定(ding)要安排在整(zheng)個工(gong)藝(yi)路線中的(de)合適位(wei)置。
（3）輔(fu)助(zhu)工(gong)序可以幫助(zhu)高效加工(gong)。輔(fu)助(zhu)工(gong)序的(de)種類多(duo)種多(duo)樣，比如(ru)劃線、去毛刺、清洗，在鋼鐵制(zhi)品的(de)加工(gong)中(zhong)，退磁、防銹、包(bao)裝也(ye)都是必不可少的(de)輔(fu)助(zhu)工(gong)序。
（4）為了提升(sheng)零件的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)和(he)增加(jia)經濟(ji)收益(yi)，需要準確(que)制(zhi)定(ding)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)。余(yu)(yu)量(liang)過(guo)(guo)大將(jiang)會加(jia)大損耗，提升(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本；余(yu)(yu)量(liang)過(guo)(guo)小，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)序前存在的(de)誤差和(he)缺陷層很難(nan)填平。余(yu)(yu)量(liang)確(que)定(ding)不好會直接(jie)影響加(jia)工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)，產生加(jia)工(gong)(gong)垃圾(ji)，即殘次品。合(he)理確(que)定(ding)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)才能保證(zheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)準確(que)無誤。
（5）確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)及公(gong)(gong)差(cha)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)及和公(gong)(gong)差(cha)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)余(yu)量(liang)大(da)小有(you)著緊密的(de)聯系，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)方法(fa)(fa)，中間工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)安(an)排也要(yao)根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)正式加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)開頭(tou)。一般按經(jing)濟加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度來確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)公(gong)(gong)差(cha)，但是(shi)從性質和特點來說，主要(yao)存在兩大(da)類：基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)重(zhong)(zhong)合。當(dang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度公(gong)(gong)差(cha)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)嚴格確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)時，由前推后的(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)順序(xu)(xu)(xu)，以(yi)最后一道加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)為(wei)首(shou)。根據(ju)該方法(fa)(fa)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)清晰、完整地(di)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)各(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)，在相應(ying)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)上標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)經(jing)濟加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度的(de)公(gong)(gong)差(cha)值；基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)不(bu)重(zhong)(zhong)合。不(bu)能(neng)直(zhi)接把(ba)定(ding)(ding)位基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和設計(ji)(ji)基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)劃等號(hao)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)導致基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)不(bu)重(zhong)(zhong)合的(de)問題(ti)。需要(yao)多次(ci)轉換(huan)定(ding)(ding)位基(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，雖然工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)本身(shen)就很復雜，但計(ji)(ji)算(suan)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)鏈原(yuan)理(li)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)很好地(di)解決這(zhe)個問題(ti)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)余(yu)量(liang)的(de)精確(que)(que)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)(xu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)公(gong)(gong)差(cha)。
（6）確定切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)用量。在小批量的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產中，由(you)工(gong)人根(gen)據現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝水平、加工(gong)方法(fa)和(he)加工(gong)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)確定各工(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)用量。有(you)一大(da)部分因(yin)素(su)(su)影(ying)響(xiang)著切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)用量的(de)(de)(de)(de)多少；因(yin)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)力(li)過(guo)大(da)很容易產生彈性變(bian)形，機床(chuang)振動(dong)，刀具(ju)硬度(du)，機床(chuang)功率的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小等因(yin)素(su)(su)都影(ying)像著切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)力(li)。多方面因(yin)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同影(ying)像著切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小，進(jin)給(gei)量f，背吃刀量，切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)速度(du)v的(de)(de)(de)(de)乘積達(da)到(dao)峰值是技術能(neng)否成功的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)因(yin)素(su)(su)。其次需要考(kao)慮和(he)保(bao)證讓進(jin)給(gei)量f取到(dao)最(zui)大(da)，合適的(de)(de)(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)速度(du)v也是保(bao)證切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)用量的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)因(yin)素(su)(su)。采用科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)想法(fa)科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝流程和(he)嚴(yan)謹(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學態(tai)度(du)確定好切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)用量。
主要內容：①提高加(jia)工(gong)精度；②增加(jia)勞動生(sheng)產效(xiao)率；③擴(kuo)大機床工(gong)藝范圍(wei)；④改善工(gong)人的勞動環境，提升勞動條件。
研究(jiu)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)圖樣，在加(jia)工(gong)(gong)前必須(xu)清楚地了解(jie)(jie)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀、尺寸(cun)和熱處理要(yao)求，表(biao)面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)精度(du)和表(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)也很重要(yao)。同時在學習工(gong)(gong)件時要(yao)了解(jie)(jie)和掌(zhang)握其他(ta)技(ji)術(shu)，具(ju)(ju)(ju)體如(ru)下：①毛坯的(de)(de)(de)(de)精密度(du)、類(lei)型及加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余量(liang)；②工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精度(du)、表(biao)面(mian)粗糙度(du)和基準(zhun)面(mian)；③本工(gong)(gong)序所使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)機床(chuang)及工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)格(ge)及質量(liang)；④切(qie)削用量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)(ju)體值；⑤工(gong)(gong)藝每一步的(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)(ju)體操作方(fang)法；⑥工(gong)(gong)藝流程中需要(yao)注(zhu)意的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。
8.1 確定(ding)夾具的類型(xing)
本設計是設計輸(shu)出軸(zhou)零件的夾具，圓柱形狀為(wei)主(zhu)要的輸(shu)出軸(zhou)的形狀，找好鉆床的固定(ding)(ding)式來固定(ding)(ding)好輸(shu)出軸(zhou)。確定(ding)(ding)夾具要根據模型，確定(ding)(ding)夾具主(zhu)要是為(wei)了得到一(yi)個零件外殼來保(bao)護(hu)零件的表面，保(bao)護(hu)好了零件之后就可以進行(xing)下一(yi)步的精加工。
8.2 確定工件的定位方式及定位元件的結構
工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要求(qiu)和(he)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)基準的(de)(de)(de)(de)形狀、尺(chi)寸確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)著定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地方式。分析加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)要求(qiu)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)人需(xu)要具備的(de)(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)素質。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)基準一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)要根據(ju)實(shi)際(ji)情況合(he)(he)理且(qie)正(zheng)確選(xuan)擇(ze)，六點(dian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)原則一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)要在實(shi)驗過(guo)程中牢牢貫徹，并(bing)(bing)(bing)且(qie)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)不能太過(guo)復(fu)雜、要快捷(jie)，尋(xun)找合(he)(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方式。橢圓加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中采用外(wai)圓和(he)內孔定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方式是落實(shi)承上啟下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)步驟(zou)，從定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)基準面的(de)(de)(de)(de)形狀來選(xuan)取相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)元件(jian)，挑選(xuan)結(jie)構(gou)合(he)(he)理并(bing)(bing)(bing)且(qie)簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)(de)元件(jian)，并(bing)(bing)(bing)緊接(jie)著做下(xia)一(yi)部工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。
本設計輸出軸屬于(yu)外(wai)(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)，應該使用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai)(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)的(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)方式，外(wai)(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)的(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)元(yuan)件有定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)套、支(zhi)承板和V型塊。外(wai)(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)最常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)元(yuan)件有固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)V形快，定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)V形塊在一些高靈(ling)活(huo)度的(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)中(zhong)還有活(huo)動(dong)V形塊。固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)輸出軸是(shi)前提，選擇V型塊定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)元(yuan)件是(shi)不錯和合理的(de)。設計的(de)夾具關于(yu)鉆10個孔，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)模(mo)具的(de)外(wai)(wai)殼，固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)上(shang)壓模(mo)，放上(shang)鉆套，下部用(yong)(yong)(yong)臺虎鉗夾緊固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)搖臂鉆床連續鉆孔。
8.3 如何設置夾(jia)緊(jin)裝置
工藝方法、工件構(gou)(gou)(gou)造、定位元件的結構(gou)(gou)(gou)與布(bu)置(zhi)等因(yin)素都是夾(jia)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)的重要(yao)因(yin)素。這就要(yao)求裝(zhuang)置(zhi)動作迅敏，操(cao)作簡單，易于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)作。足夠的夾(jia)緊(jin)行程(cheng)和(he)裝(zhuang)卸工件的間隙在(zai)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)裝(zhuang)配(pei)中(zhong)(zhong)同樣十分(fen)重要(yao)。斜楔機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)、螺旋機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)都是常(chang)見的夾(jia)緊(jin)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)機(ji)動夾(jia)緊(jin)如液壓、氣動夾(jia)緊(jin)等都是常(chang)見的夾(jia)緊(jin)方式。本(ben)設計使用(yong)(yong)螺旋機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)。由于(yu)(yu)螺旋機(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)其結構(gou)(gou)(gou)簡單、自鎖性能好、擴(kuo)力比大并且(qie)夾(jia)緊(jin)行程(cheng)不受限制(zhi)，廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)夾(jia)具的夾(jia)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。
8.4 確定刀具的導向方式或(huo)對(dui)刀裝置
選(xuan)擇鉆套(tao)的(de)型(xing)式和結(jie)構尺寸在(zai)鉆具(ju)的(de)選(xuan)擇中十(shi)分(fen)(fen)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)，合(he)理地設(she)置對刀裝置需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)銑床的(de)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)裝配(pei)中引起格外的(de)注意，在(zai)鏜的(de)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)選(xuan)擇中，要(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)擇合(he)適的(de)鏜套(tao)類(lei)型(xing)，鏜模導向(xiang)的(de)布(bu)置方(fang)式也是十(shi)分(fen)(fen)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)。
8.5 確(que)定夾具(ju)體的結構類型
各(ge)(ge)種裝(zhuang)置和元件連(lian)接在(zai)(zai)一起構成(cheng)一個(ge)整體(ti)。因此夾(jia)具(ju)各(ge)(ge)種裝(zhuang)置的布置及夾(jia)具(ju)與機床的連(lian)接在(zai)(zai)大體(ti)上決定(ding)了夾(jia)具(ju)具(ju)體(ti)的形(xing)狀及尺寸。
對(dui)夾(jia)具(ju)體的(de)要(yao)(yao)求：①準(zhun)確度(du)一定要(yao)(yao)好；②強度(du)，剛(gang)度(du)符(fu)合實驗要(yao)(yao)求；③方便排屑；④結構(gou)要(yao)(yao)完美。
輸出(chu)(chu)(chu)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)對(dui)材料和(he)精度方(fang)(fang)面都有一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，對(dui)夾持(chi)裝(zhuang)置也有一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。在工(gong)裝(zhuang)設(she)計中，根據圖紙正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)編寫(xie)程(cheng)序(xu)。注(zhu)意(yi)在加工(gong)前(qian)要(yao)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)對(dui)刀。掌(zhang)握機床(chuang)上(shang)各個按鈕(niu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用，體(ti)會(hui)并掌(zhang)握輸出(chu)(chu)(chu)軸(zhou)工(gong)藝(yi)與工(gong)裝(zhuang)設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)重點(dian)內(nei)容(rong)和(he)易錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)。尤(you)其(qi)是在材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇上(shang)要(yao)根據實(shi)際(ji)情況(kuang)(kuang)來確(que)定(ding)(ding)。定(ding)(ding)位基(ji)(ji)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇是輸出(chu)(chu)(chu)軸(zhou)工(gong)藝(yi)是否掌(zhang)握的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)鍵地(di)方(fang)(fang)。注(zhu)意(yi)機械坐標和(he)工(gong)件(jian)坐標的(de)(de)(de)(de)差別。要(yao)弄(nong)清楚這(zhe)兩者之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系。不(bu)僅能(neng)使我們較(jiao)好(hao)地(di)選(xuan)擇一個定(ding)(ding)位基(ji)(ji)準(zhun)，對(dui)于我們對(dui)輸出(chu)(chu)(chu)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)認(ren)識也是十分(fen)有幫(bang)助(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。輸出(chu)(chu)(chu)軸(zhou)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)(ti)和(he)基(ji)(ji)礎是零(ling)件(jian)圖，要(yao)能(neng)夠準(zhun)確(que)繪畫(hua)并處理(li)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)問題。操(cao)作時(shi)，要(yao)認(ren)真、冷靜，遇到突發情況(kuang)(kuang)，要(yao)具備一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)處理(li)能(neng)力(li)。