為(wei)(wei)了(le)能夠(gou)提升我國的(de)(de)綜(zong)合實(shi)力(li),近些(xie)年來(lai)我國一直在(zai)推進(jin)工(gong)業化發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)路線,以期能夠(gou)通過工(gong)業化發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)促進(jin)我國綜(zong)合國力(li)的(de)(de)提升。在(zai)工(gong)業發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)過程(cheng)中機械(xie)加工(gong)行業屬(shu)于非常重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)一部分,通過機械(xie)加工(gong)行業的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),我國逐(zhu)漸(jian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)成為(wei)(wei)了(le)制造(zao)業強國。社會科學技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)為(wei)(wei)我國社會企業帶來(lai)了(le)新的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)機遇,通過創(chuang)新機械(xie)加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)技(ji)(ji)術,能夠(gou)有效推動我國工(gong)業的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。
一(yi)、機械加工(gong)工(gong)藝概述
(一) 機械加(jia)工工藝含義
本文中(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi),主要(yao)就是(shi)指(zhi)在社(she)會企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進行工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序,隨著現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)科學技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用,越來越多的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開(kai)始使(shi)用現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)計(ji)算機程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序進行自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),代(dai)(dai)(dai)替了(le)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)力勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模式(shi),能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)節(jie)約企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)力資源,降低(di)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成本。跟傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)工(gong)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模式(shi)相比較來說,計(ji)算機自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)(xiao)率,減少人(ren)工(gong)失(shi)誤(wu),促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展。目前(qian)我國(guo)已經有(you)(you)相當一部分企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)都開(kai)始應用自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序進行機械(xie)加工(gong),能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)有(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)(xiao)益,促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益增長(chang),增加了(le)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)量。在計(ji)算機機械(xie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)使(shi)用過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong),主要(yao)是(shi)由(you)于排除更多的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)力勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)環節(jie),減少了(le)不必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)錯誤(wu)出現(xian)(xian)(xian),同時(shi)機械(xie)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出效(xiao)(xiao)率更高,在減少了(le)人(ren)工(gong)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi),也提(ti)升(sheng)了(le)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)質量和生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)(xiao)率,因此(ci)越來越多的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開(kai)始使(shi)用現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)機械(xie)加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)。
(二) 機械加工工藝作用
在我國的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)流(liu)程當中,加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝的(de)使用(yong)非常重要,如(ru)果加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝的(de)適用(yong)不(bu)正(zheng)確,會直接(jie)影響產(chan)品質(zhi)量和產(chan)品生產(chan)效(xiao)率,同時也(ye)會對(dui)(dui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)備的(de)整(zheng)體質(zhi)量產(chan)生重要影響。不(bu)同的(de)零(ling)件組成了共(gong)同的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)備,如(ru)果能(neng)夠提升(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝技術水平,能(neng)夠確保不(bu)同的(de)零(ling)部件都能(neng)夠按照標準水平進行(xing)規范化生產(chan),自(zi)然也(ye)能(neng)夠生產(chan)出(chu)令人(ren)滿(man)意的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)備。由于(yu)在機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)過程中,生產(chan)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)產(chan)品都用(yong)在了日常生活當中,因此人(ren)們對(dui)(dui)于(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝的(de)應(ying)用(yong)認識不(bu)足,認為(wei)這只(zhi)是簡單的(de)加(jia)工(gong)過程,這是一種(zhong)錯誤的(de)認知。
二、機械(xie)加工工藝(yi)特(te)征
在機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)應用(yong)(yong)過程中(zhong),其中(zhong)包(bao)(bao)含有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)存(cun)在,因此(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),例如說(shuo)在機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)包(bao)(bao)含有(you)磨(mo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、鍛工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)還有(you)鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。由于在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)彼此(ci)之(zhi)間存(cun)在差異(yi)性(xing),因此(ci)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)還是會存(cun)在安全風險。由于企業(ye)擁有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效益和(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規模,因此(ci)在機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)方面,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術也(ye)有(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)新階(jie)段,在先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)當(dang)中(zhong),已經逐(zhu)漸(jian)出現了超聲加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以及激光(guang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)被不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷地創(chuang)新和(he)改造,因此(ci)越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)材料成為了加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)對象,除了傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬和(he)合金之(zhi)外,現階(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塑(su)料和(he)木材也(ye)被加(jia)(jia)入到(dao)了機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)行列當(dang)中(zhong)。
三、機械加工工藝自(zi)動化控(kong)制(zhi)技術應用
(一) 機械設備功能(neng)的(de)充分應用
我(wo)國(guo)(guo)社會科(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)發展迅速,越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現代(dai)化(hua)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)被研(yan)發出(chu)來應(ying)(ying)用(yong)到機(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)當中(zhong),促進(jin)了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)創新發展。但是實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作應(ying)(ying)用(yong)跟科(ke)學(xue)成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)還存在一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)差別。首先(xian)科(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)研(yan)究(jiu)成果從(cong)提出(chu)來到進(jin)行(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)存在一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間,從(cong)研(yan)究(jiu)到最(zui)終確定(ding)(ding)還需要(yao)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間,其中(zhong)會有(you)多(duo)名(ming)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)共同努力(li)從(cong)理論知(zhi)識(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)發展成為(wei)了(le)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。如(ru)今在我(wo)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)社會企業(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)當中(zhong)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)都非常的(de)(de)(de)(de)寶(bao)貴(gui),這些施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發都是不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)和社會企業(ye)(ye)不(bu)斷地(di)經(jing)過(guo)摸索、研(yan)究(jiu)最(zui)終確定(ding)(ding)出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de),并且(qie)充分符合了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械生(sheng)產(chan)設備工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際需求(qiu)。在機(ji)(ji)(ji)械設備加(jia)工(gong)(gong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一線工(gong)(gong)作人(ren)員(yuan)以及操(cao)(cao)作人(ren)員(yuan)需要(yao)嚴格遵守設備加(jia)工(gong)(gong)需求(qiu),按(an)照相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)進(jin)行(xing)規(gui)范化(hua)操(cao)(cao)作,能(neng)夠生(sheng)產(chan)出(chu)更多(duo)保質保量的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械產(chan)品(pin),提升(sheng)企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效益增(zeng)長。
(二) 操作(zuo)技術中的危險(xian)因素(su)控(kong)制
在(zai)機械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝自動化(hua)控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong),其中(zhong)包含(han)有(you)車工(gong)(gong)(gong)和鎮(zhen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)兩(liang)個非常重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)步驟(zou),這兩(liang)個加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)步驟(zou)有(you)非常重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)職業特點(dian)。例如(ru)說在(zai)生產(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)車工(gong)(gong)(gong)和鎮(zhen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)都需要(yao)(yao)在(zai)產(chan)品加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)使用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件和夾具生產(chan)設(she)(she)備(bei),這兩(liang)種設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)應用(yong)則需要(yao)(yao)使用(yong)防(fang)護(hu)設(she)(she)備(bei),能夠(gou)有(you)效(xiao)提升加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)安全性質。同時在(zai)生產(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)皮帶以(yi)及掛(gua)輪工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環節(jie)同樣存在(zai)一定的(de)(de)危險性,需要(yao)(yao)統一安裝安全防(fang)護(hu)設(she)(she)備(bei)。
(三) 創新(xin)生產(chan)方式
目前我(wo)(wo)國一(yi)部分(fen)機械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)設備(bei)可(ke)以生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)多種(zhong)多樣的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin),那種(zhong)單純的(de)只是加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)同一(yi)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)機械設備(bei)變(bian)得越來越少見,因此在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程中,需要針對(dui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出來的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)進行有(you)(you)(you)效的(de)隔(ge)離,避免在生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)出來之后(hou)混亂(luan)擺放(fang),影(ying)響了后(hou)續(xu)工(gong)作的(de)開展。例(li)如(ru)說我(wo)(wo)國一(yi)部分(fen)機械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)企業會按照設備(bei)的(de)功能(neng)以及生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)目的(de)進行擺放(fang),有(you)(you)(you)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)機、信(xin)息機還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)動力機等多種(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)設備(bei),細致(zhi)的(de)設備(bei)分(fen)工(gong)能(neng)夠提(ti)升(sheng)機械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)作的(de)有(you)(you)(you)效性。
(四) 在切(qie)削過(guo)程中的防護措施
機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)離不開切(qie)削(xue)操作,那么(me)(me)根(gen)據不同的(de)(de)切(qie)削(xue)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)工(gong)作特點,可以把(ba)斷(duan)削(xue)槽(cao)改裝成(cheng)為帶削(xue)槽(cao),減少機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設(she)備的(de)(de)工(gong)作危險性。如(ru)果在(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設(she)備中出(chu)現(xian)有飛濺的(de)(de)切(qie)屑(xie)(xie)(xie)出(chu)現(xian),那么(me)(me)有必(bi)要在(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設(she)備周圍(wei)安裝防護板,出(chu)現(xian)的(de)(de)切(qie)屑(xie)(xie)(xie)能夠進行及(ji)時的(de)(de)清理,避免出(chu)現(xian)大(da)量的(de)(de)切(qie)屑(xie)(xie)(xie)影響機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設(she)備的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)生產行為。
四、結(jie)語
綜上所述(shu),機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的種(zhong)類比較繁多(duo),因此(ci)在加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中一定要根據不(bu)同的工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)特點加(jia)(jia)強防護措施的應(ying)用,提升機(ji)械加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)自動化(hua)控制功能的應(ying)用效(xiao)率和應(ying)用質量(liang)。
來(lai)源:工業電(dian)器網(wang)